For a long time, the construction of residential houses was conducted without considering their energy efficiency. That is, it was impossible to say how efficient the energy was consumed by the residents of apartment buildings. Now the class of energy efficiency of a resident building should necessarily conform to the generally accepted standards. It is this approach that allows the most rational use of available resources. But also, in the implementation of typical projects in the construction, different facilities can show different indicators of energy consumption, so it is necessary to timely, even at the stage of delivery, to determine the class of energy efficiency of the building or the facility.
Energy efficiency classification
In Russia, a system has been adopted, where each residential building shall be assigned one class of energy efficiency among seven possible. Domestic energy engineers rank indicators in accordance with such classification: A, B, B+, B++, C, D, E, where A is the highest value of energy efficiency, corresponding to the indicator less than -45% of the amount of variance of resource consumption for different needs. E is the highest score, reaching +51% or more. However, the class of energy efficiency of the building, denoted by E and D, is acceptable only for buildings put into operation long time ago. All others are allowed for reconstructed and new buildings. Ideally, all houses must conform to class A, but in practice this is not possible.
The Western system also has seven steps, but the gradation is somewhat different: A, B, C, D, E, F, G. The Russian classification was based on foreign, but has its peculiarities taking into account the climate and the specifics of local construction.
Methods for determining energy efficiency
The ways to determine the class of energy efficiency of a building differ from the foreign ones. There are legislatively adopted methods that allow to identify the class of energy efficiency of the MAB and multi-storey buildings:
Short-term measurements. This method is suitable for newly built buildings;
Long series of measurements. For already operated buildings.
Analysis of indicators of energy accounting devices. The total energy consumption indices are taken into account.
Computer simulation. Allows you to hypothetically define the indicators.
Based on the received data, the inspected buildings are equipped with signs of the energy efficiency class, and the corresponding documentation is issued.
